Review of Fluoride: Benefits and Risks: Report of the Ad Hoc Subcommittee on FluorideA comprehensive review and evaluation of the public health benefits and risks of fluoride in drinking water and other sources. Covers: properties, metabolism and sources of fluoride; health benefit assessment of fluoride; health risk assessment of fluoride; findings and conclusions; and recommendations. Extensive bibliography. Includes 8 appendices: surveys of dental fluoride prevalence, 1939-1987; osteosarcoma; gentoxicity of fluoride, and much more. |
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analysis animals APPENDIX TABLE associated bone and joint bone cancer cancer mortality carcinogenicity caries scores cells chromosome clinical communities Dean Deaths Ratio Deaths Dent Res dental caries dental fluorosis dentifrice dietary fluoride dose drinking water duration of fluoridation Effects of Fluoride enamel epidemiological evaluated excretion exposure to fluoride fluoridated and non-fluoridated fluoridated areas fluoridated counties fluoridated water fluoride concentration fluoride exposure fluoride in drinking fluoride intake fluoride levels fluoride supplements fractures human hydrogen fluoride increased investigators joint cancers levels of fluoride male rats Males Females Metabolism mg/kg mg/L mice mouthrinses non-fluoridated areas O/E Obs O/E ratio optimally fluoridated Oral osteomas osteoporosis osteosarcomas percent plasma population POST prevalence of dental Procter and Gamble Public Health rates Ratio Deaths Ratio registries renal reported risk rodent SEER program skeletal fluorosis sodium fluoride teeth tissue toothpaste toxicity Toxicol trend tumors water fluoridation water supplies
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Page iii - Registry; the Food and Drug Administration; the Health Resources and Services Administration; the National Institutes of Health; the Indian Health Service; and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.
Page 109 - No. 6 Genetic and related effects: An updating of selected IARC Monographs from Volumes 1-42 (in press) *Supplement No.
Page 53 - ... with any of the preceding levels of fluorosis. Staining is defined as an area of definite discoloration that may range from light to very dark brown. 5 Discrete pitting of the enamel exists, unaccompanied by evidence of staining of intact enamel. A pit is defined as a definite physical defect in the enamel surface with a rough floor that is surrounded by a wall of intact enamel. The pitted area is usually stained or differs in color from the surrounding enamel. 6 Both discrete pitting and staining...
Page 93 - RW (1988). Chemical structure, Salmonella mutagenicity and extent of carcinogenicity as indicators of genotoxic carcinogenesis among 222 chemicals tested in rodents by the US NCI/NTP.
Page 138 - Frequently included in this classification are teeth showing no more than about 1-2 mm of white opacity at the tip of the summit of the cusps of the bicuspids or second molars. Mild The white opaque areas in the enamel of the teeth are more extensive but do not involve as much as 50 % of the tooth.
Page 54 - Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) was examined with the use of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute.
Page 15 - Cantor, KP, Hoover, R., Hartge, P., Mason, TJ, Silverman, DT, Altman, R., Austin, DF, Child, MA, Key, CR, Marrett, LD, Myers, MH, Narayana, AS, Levin, LI, Sullivan, JW, Swanson, GM, Thomas, DB, and West, DW, Bladder cancer, drinking water source, and tap water consumption: A case-control study.
Page 50 - Dean ( 1936 ) has described the effects of fluoride in drinking water on the teeth of children ( p. 1270 ) : . . . from the continuous use of water containing about 1 part per million, it is probable that the very mildest forms of mottled enamel may develop in about 10 per cent of the group. In waters containing 1.7 or 1.8 parts per million, the incidence may be expected to rise 40 or 50 per cent, although the percentage distribution of severity would be largely of the "very mild" and "mild
Page 95 - Mottled teeth; an endemic developmental imperfection of the enamel of the teeth heretofore unknown in the literature of dentistry," Dental Cosmos, 58: 129-156 (February) ; 177-184 (May) ; 627-644 (June) ; 781-792 (July) ; 894-904 (August), 1916.
Page 14 - Non-small cell lung cancer. In: DeVita VT Jr. Hellman S. Rosenberg SA. eds. Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology.