Abiotic and Biotic Stress in PlantsAlexandre De Oliveira Plants are subjected to numerous environmental stresses, which can be classified into two broad areas: abiotic and biotic stresses. While the first is considered the damage done to an organism by other living organisms, the latter occurs as a result of a negative impact of non-living factors on the organisms. In this scenario, the current most accepted opinion of scientists is that both biotic and abiotic factors in nature and agroecosystems are affected by climate change, which may lead to significant crop yield decreases worldwide. We should take into consideration not only this environmental concern but also the fact that 20 years from now the earth's population will need 55% more food than it can produce now. Therefore, it is crucial to address such concerns and bring about possible solutions to future plant stress-related outcomes that might affect global agriculture. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of both biotic and abiotic stresses through 10 chapters that include case studies and literature reviews about these topics. There will be a particular focus on understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes observed in stressed plants as well as the mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in plants. |
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abiotic stresses accumulation acid activity Agriculture antioxidant application Arabidopsis associated Biology biotic breeding cacao canopy carbon caused cell chickpea chlorophyll climate change cocoa cold components crop cuticle cuticular wax diseases drought stress effects efficiency enhanced environment environmental enzyme et al expression factors field flowers fruit function genes genetic genotypes germination grain growth heat stress high temperature higher impact important improved increased induced influenced insect involved Journal leads leaf leaves levels limited loss major mechanisms melatonin metabolism Molecular nanoparticles natural nitrogen oxidative pathways photosynthetic plant growth Plant Physiology Plant Science pollination processes production protein reduced regulation reported reproductive Research resistance response result rice role root salinity salt Science seed seedlings signaling significant soil species stage stress conditions stress tolerance studies surface temperature tolerance traits treatments various vegetative Wang wax biosynthesis yield