The Political Mapping of CyberspaceAs inherently spatial beings, our sense of space in cyberspace challenges all that is familiar in terms of our ability to define, organize, govern, and map social places. In The Political Mapping of Cyberspace, Jeremy Crampton shows that cyberspace is not the virtual reality we think it to be, but instead a rich geography of political practices and power relations. Using concepts and methods derived from the work of Michel Foucault, Crampton outlines a new mapping of cyberspace to help define the role of space in virtual worlds and to provide constructive ways in which humans can exist in another spatial dimension. He delineates the critical role maps play in constructing the medium as an object of knowledge and demonstrates that by processes of mapping we come to understand cyberspace. Maps, he argues, shape political thinking about cyberspace, and he deploys in-depth case studies of crime mapping, security maintenance, and geo-surveillance to show how we map ourselves onto cyberspace, inexorably, and indelibly. Offering a powerful reinterpretation of technology and contemporary life, this innovative book will be an essential touchstone for the study of cartography and cyberspace in the twenty-first century. |
Contents
Being Virtually There The Spatial Problematics of Cyberspace | 9 |
The production of cyberspace | 14 |
Subjectification and cyberspace | 15 |
Confession and parrhesia | 18 |
Mind the gap | 19 |
Towards a critical politics of the practice of mapping | 21 |
Conclusion | 22 |
The History of Internet Mapping | 27 |
Blogging and community | 95 |
On confession and cyberspace | 96 |
Confession throughout cyberspace | 102 |
blogging as selfwriting | 104 |
Resistance as parrhesia | 107 |
Disciplinary Cyberspaces Security and Surveillance | 117 |
Early applications of crimemapping | 120 |
Governmentality | 125 |
Definition of distributed mapping and scope of chapter | 28 |
Critical theoretical issues of distributed mapping | 29 |
The history of distributed mapping as a mode of cartography | 33 |
Distributed mapping in historical context early developments | 35 |
Cartography and GIS | 36 |
The history of the Web and contemporary development of distributed mapping | 40 |
Implications of distributed mapping | 45 |
Conclusion | 46 |
Why Mapping is Political | 48 |
Theory and practice in cartography | 50 |
ontic and ontological knowledges | 54 |
How we might do philosophical thinking | 56 |
Problematizing the essential lie | 58 |
Towards a critical politics of cartography | 60 |
Summary | 69 |
Authenticity and Authentication | 73 |
Authenticity as authentication | 75 |
What space for authenticity? | 81 |
Technologies of the self | 83 |
against the confession of the map | 89 |
Selfwriting as nonconfessional practice of the self | 91 |
Communities in Cyberspace Confession and Parrhesia | 94 |
Digital crimemapping and surveillance | 126 |
Is privacy the issue? | 135 |
The risks of security | 138 |
Geographies of the Digital Divide | 141 |
Some terms and issues | 142 |
The digital divide at different scales | 144 |
Divides and lags | 145 |
Wealth and connectivity | 153 |
Atlanta in context | 155 |
Atlanta in detail | 160 |
Addressing the divide with GIS | 162 |
Beyond the digital divide | 164 |
Positivities of Power Possibilities of Pleasure | 171 |
Mapping as Befindlichkeit and Verlorenheit | 172 |
Positivities of power | 176 |
Possibilities of pleasure | 181 |
Conclusions | 187 |
Notes | 188 |
196 | |
209 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Africa analysis areas argued Atlanta authentic being-in-the-world blogging Brian Harley Cabbagetown called Census chapter concerned confession confessional constituted context Crampton crime crime-mapping criminal critical politics critique cyber cyberspace Dasein database developed Dick digital divide disciplinary discourse discussion distributed mapping domination Edney Elden ethics example Figure Foucault geographic global governmentality Harley Harley's Heidegger Heidegger's historical ontology History of Cartography horizon of possibilities human ical identity inauthentic income Indymedia interactive Internet Archive issue landscape McWhorter means Monmonier Nielsen//Netratings normalization NTIA one's oneself ontic ontic knowledge ontological parrhesia parrhesiastic percent Peters projection physical space pleasure politics of cartography population power relations power-knowledge practice Press problem produce the truth question resistance self-writing sense social society spatial politics statistical suggest surveillance techniques theory things tion understanding users virtual Xerox PARC York