The Challenge of Remaining Innovative: Insights from Twentieth-Century American BusinessThe Challenge of Remaining Innovative explores innovation as a complex phenomenon that may be organizational as well as technological, that operates both within firms and across the broader economy, and that involves matters not only of research and development, but also of marketing, design, and government relations. The contributors explore two main themes: the challenge of remaining innovative and the necessity of managing institutional boundaries in doing so. The collection is organized into four parts, which move outward from individual firms; to networks or clusters of firms; to consultants and other intermediaries in the private economy who operate outside of the firms themselves; and finally to government institutions and politics. This scheme delineates a variety of ways in which entrepreneurship has persisted across the 20th century--and accentuates how ongoing organizational re-arrangement has contributed mightily to its sustained vitality. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Contents | 3 |
Reorganizing Innovation | 37 |
Within Firms | 79 |
A Schumpeterian Interpretation | 85 |
Bell Laboratories in Perspective | 132 |
Stanford University and Frederick Termans Blueprint | 169 |
Hurricanes and the Early Offshore | 191 |
Looking Backwards at the Honda Motorcycle Case | 219 |
FIRMS AnD THE STATE | 241 |
Antitrust and the Incentives to Innovation | 249 |
Credit and the Mature Market for Automobiles | 280 |
| 315 | |
| 341 | |
Common terms and phrases
academic American analysis antitrust assignment at issue AT&T auto automobile basic Bell Labs Bell System birth cohort Cambridge University Press career patents Celcor chapter Clarke companies company’s competition consulting Corning Corning’s corporate creative responder credit financing David Department Economic electronics engineering enterprises entrepreneurial federal fiber firm’s Frederick Terman glass Gulf Harvard Henry Mintzberg Honda Hounshell hurricanes important income independent inventor Industrial Research Instalment Credit institutions inventions Jewett laboratories Lamoreaux and Sokoloff large firms Louis Galambos manufacturing margaret b. w. graham Mass ment Middle Atlantic Mintzberg motorcycle Naomi National Number of patents offshore operations optical optical fiber organization percent platforms postwar probability theory problems production region Richard risks role Schumpeter Silicon Valley Stanford Statistics Steven W strategy subsample sustaining innovation technical Telephone Terman tion traffic twentieth century United Usselman Watson Western Electric World War II York