The Anatomy of FascismWhat is fascism? By focusing on the concrete: what the fascists did, rather than what they said, the esteemed historian Robert O. Paxton answers this question. From the first violent uniformed bands beating up “enemies of the state,” through Mussolini’s rise to power, to Germany’s fascist radicalization in World War II, Paxton shows clearly why fascists came to power in some countries and not others, and explores whether fascism could exist outside the early-twentieth-century European setting in which it emerged. "A deeply intelligent and very readable book. . . . Historical analysis at its best." –The Economist The Anatomy of Fascism will have a lasting impact on our understanding of modern European history, just as Paxton’s classic Vichy France redefined our vision of World War II. Based on a lifetime of research, this compelling and important book transforms our knowledge of fascism–“the major political innovation of the twentieth century, and the source of much of its pain.” |
Contents
| 9 | |
Strategies | 15 |
CHAPTER 2 | 24 |
Taking Root | 55 |
Getting Power | 87 |
58 | 114 |
Exercising Power | 119 |
64 | 133 |
Radicalization or Entropy? | 148 |
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action allies anti-Semitism army authoritarian authority became bibliographical essay Blackshirts Cambridge University Press Catholic chancellor chapter cism cist coalition communist conservative crisis cultural democracy democratic dictatorship Duce economic elections electoral elites Emilio Gentile enemies Europe European Extreme Right Fascist Italy fascist leader fascist movements fascist parties fascist regimes force foreign France French German Hans Mommsen History Hitler Hitler and Mussolini Ian Kershaw Ideology industrial intellectual Italian Fascism Jewish Jews labor Laterza Left liberal London majority Marxists mass ment militants military mobilization modern Munich murder Mussolini National Socialism nationalist Nazi Germany Nazi Party Nazism organizations Oxford University Press Papen Paris parliamentary percent Perón Philippe Burrin Pierre Milza political popular postwar radical Right Renzo De Felice Republic revolution revolutionary Rome root rule socialists society squadrismo squadristi Sternhell success Third Reich tion totalitarian traditional Vichy violence vote wanted Weimar workers World York Zeev Sternhell