Mitteleuropa: In German Thought and Action 1815–1945Books begin as ideas. The suggestion for this one came from my mentor and friend, Hajo Holborn of Yale University. To him I am indebted for a series of challenging and rewarding experiences in the study of history. This work started as a routine dissertation on a limited subject, developed into a rejection of several generally accepted notions about German history, and finally opened out upon some broader perspectives of the modern Western world. In pursuing my topic I have tried to remain consistent and true to a fundamental conviction: that ideas cannot be dissociated from the men and situations that give birth to them, or from the changing characteristics of later men and later situations that use or affect the earlier ideological heritage. Politics by slogan is an aspect of man's activity that has its obvious, serious defects. These imperfections become more menacing when they are enshrined as history by slogan in the service of whatever cause. To counteract this tendency I have tried to tie the ideas of mid European integration clearly to specific persons or situations at every stage of development. Without such anchorage ideas will billow into slogans or evaporate into loose generalizations. |
Contents
1 | |
8 | |
The Slender Threads | 30 |
The AustrianGermans Between Sadowa | 39 |
ReichGerman Reactions to the AustrianGerman | 46 |
The Economic | 57 |
The Pattern of German Investment | 66 |
Waterways and Rails in Middle Europe and | 72 |
Mitteleuropa Emerges | 137 |
CrossCurrents and Quandary | 170 |
Friedrich Naumanns Mitteleuropa | 182 |
Naumanns Argument | 198 |
Reactions at Home and Abroad | 206 |
Mitteleuropa in Eclipse | 251 |
Retreat and Mutation 19181945 | 295 |
Conclusion | 326 |
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Common terms and phrases
agrarian alliance Anschluss Ausgleich Austria-Hungary Austrian Austrian-Germans Austro-Hungarian Bagdad Balkan Berlin Bismarck blockade Bohemian-German Bruck Bulgaria Central Powers conception conservative cultural customs union Czechs Danube democratic Deutsche Politik deutschen Deutschland diplomatic discussion East Eastern economists efforts Empire Entente enthusiasm European Foreign Office Friedrich List Friedrich Naumann future geographic German national Germany's gesamtdeutsch Geschichte grossdeutsch H. C. Meyer Hapsburg Heuss Hilfe historians Hungarian Hungary Ibid ideas Imperial industrial interests internal Jäckh Krieg Lagarde later Leipzig Ludendorff Magyars major Meinecke mid-European Mid-European Economic Middle Europe military Mittel Mitteleuropa Mitteleuropäische Monarchy Munich Nachlass Baernreither nationalistic Nazi negotiations Neue non-German official organization Österreich Österreichische Pan-German League passim Paul de Lagarde Poland political post-war pre-war problems Prussian railroad Reich Reich-German Renner Rohrbach rôle Russia Schönerer sense sentiments significant Slavs social Socialist sought Stolper Stuttgart tion Tisza trade Turkey Ullmann Verein Vienna views vols wartime Weltkrieg Weltpolitik wrote