Forest Ecosystem Management: An Ecological, Economic, and Social Assessment

80 percent likelihood acres activities Adaptive Management Adaptive Management Areas agencies anadromous assessment bryophytes Bureau of Land California coarse woody debris Coast Range communities conifer distribution Eastern Cascades ecological economic effects Endangered Species Endangered Species Act environmental evaluated federal forest federal lands forest management Forest Service forestry fungi groups growth habitat harvest levels impacts implementation industry Key Watersheds Klamath Land Management landscape late-successional forest Late-Successional Reserves lichens logs management options marbled murrelet Matrix monitoring National Forest northern spotted owl old-growth forests Olympic Olympic Peninsula Option 9 Oregon outcome Pacific Northwest populations Portland processes programs protection rated Recovery Plan recreation Research resource restoration Riparian Reserves riparian zones risk River road rural salamander silvicultural Siuslaw social standards and guidelines stands successional Team timber harvest Total U.S. Department U.S. Forest Service USDI values viability Washington watershed analysis Western wetlands Withdrawn Areas