Episomes

ability active addition agent alteration attachment autonomous bacterial chromosome bacteriophage become block carrying cause cell Chap coli colicin common complete containing crosses crossover culture curing defective deletion depend detailed determinants diploid discussed double early effect element ends enzyme episome event evidence example expected experiments fact factor frequency function genes genetic growth host immunity independent indicates induced infection initiation insertion integrated isolated Jacob known lac region lambda linear located lysogenic markers mechanism molecule multiplication mutants nature normal observed occur operator operon origin particles phage phage genome physical plaques plasmids possible present problem produce properties prophage protein question reasons recombination region replication repression repressor resistance seems segregation separate sequence shown similar single specific strains strands structure studies suggests superinfection synthesis tion transcription transduction transfer