Community Justice: An Emerging FieldCommunity justice is a phenomenon of growing interest among academics, policy makers, and criminal justice practitioners. The term reflects the increasing collaboration between criminal justice agencies and communities in the joint pursuit of public safety and a less tangible, but no less significant, pursuit of justice for victims, offenders, and all community members affected by crime. In this book, several leading scholars examine the central concerns of this emerging field. Subjects discussed include the role of community organizations in crime prevention; the structural and cultural issues underlying the concentration of race, poverty, and crime; community policing; and community prosecution and sanctioning. |
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Contents
| 3 | |
| 29 | |
| 31 | |
| 47 | |
| 81 | |
III Race and Class | 95 |
Toward a Theory of Race Crime and Urban Inequality | 97 |
Crime and the Racial Fears of White Americans | 119 |
Civil Liberties and Aggressive Enforcement Balancing the Rights of Individuals and Society in the Drug War | 203 |
Disorder and the Court | 233 |
V Community Prosecution and Sanctioning | 251 |
Community Prosecution Portlands Experience | 253 |
Conditions of Successful Reintegration Ceremonies Dealing with Juvenile Offenders | 279 |
The Community in Community Justice Issues Themes and Questions for the New Neighborhood Sanctioning Models | 327 |
VI Conclusion | 371 |
Community Justice in a Communitarian Perspective | 373 |
IV Community Policing | 135 |
A Tale of Two Targets Limitations of Community Anticrime Actions | 137 |
Angels in Marble Problems in Stimulating Community Involvement in Community Policing | 167 |
Index | 379 |
About the Contributors | 385 |
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Common terms and phrases
action activities agencies American appear approach areas asked associated behavior called ceremonies Chicago citizens coalitions community justice community organizations community policing concern conference court crime crime prevention criminal justice deal decision Department develop disorder District drug edited effective efforts enforcement example fear feel focus formal give housing implementation important increase individual initiatives INOP Institute interests involved issues less live major meeting neighborhood neighbors night offender officers participation patrol person perspective political practices Press problems programs projects question race racial rates recent reintegration reported requires residents response restorative result role says shaming social society specific strategies street structural studies successful suggest theory tion University urban victim violence whites York young Zealand
Popular passages
Page 282 - Similarly, any sense of accident, coincidence, indeterminism, chance, or monetary occurrence must not merely be minimized. Ideally, such measures should be inconceivable; at least they should be made false. B. The witnesses must appreciate the characteristics of the typed person and event by referring the type to a dialectical counterpart. Ideally, the witnesses should not be able to contemplate the features of the denounced person without reference to the counterconception, as the profanity of an...
Page 83 - Senge describes learning organizations as places "where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire , where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning how to learn together
Page 282 - ... out of the ordinary." 2. Both event and perpetrator must be placed within a scheme of preferences that shows the following properties: A. The preferences must not be for event A over event B, but for event of type A over type B.
Page 112 - ... we view the race and crime linkage from contextual lenses that highlight the very different ecological contexts that blacks and whites reside in— regardless of individual characteristics. The basic thesis is that macrosocial patterns of residential inequality give rise to the social isolation and ecological concentration of the truly disadvantaged, which in turn leads to structural barriers and cultural adaptations that undermine social organization and hence the control of crime.
Page 108 - McKay's theory was that disorganized communities spawned delinquent gangs with their own subcultures and norms perpetuated through cultural transmission. Despite their relative infrequency, ethnographic studies generally support the notion that structurally disorganized communities are conducive to the emergence of cultural value systems and attitudes that seem to legitimate, or at least provide a basis of tolerance for, crime and deviance. For example, Suttles's (1968) account of the social order...
Page 282 - If the dignity of the world is to stand for nothing, then the gunman speaks for the world and the world's relation to you, that is, the world's rejection of you and itself. Soon you begin to see that the world, even more than you, is being denounced. Your role at this point changes. You become...
Page 95 - Sampson and William Julius Wilson Our purpose in this chapter is to address one of the central yet difficult issues facing criminology — race and violent crime. The centrality of the issue is seen on several fronts: the leading cause of death among young black males is homicide (Fingerhut and Kleinman 1990, 3292), and the lifetime risk of being murdered is as high as 1 in 21 for black males, compared with only 1 in 131 for white males (US Department of Justice 1985). Although rates of violence...
Page 96 - Overall, the evidence is clear that African-Americans face dismal and worsening odds when it comes to crime in the streets and the risk of incarceration. Despite these facts, the discussion of race and crime is mired in an unproductive mix of controversy and silence. At the same time that articles on age and gender abound, criminologists are loath to speak openly on race and crime for fear of being misunderstood or labeled racist. This situation is not unique, for until recently scholars of urban...
Page 14 - Community justice is rooted in the actions that citizens, community organizations, and the criminal justice system can take to control crime and social disorder. Its central focus is community-level outcomes, shifting the emphasis from individual incidents to systemic patterns, from individual conscience to social mores, and from individual goods to the common good.
Page 282 - The alternatives must be such that, in "choosing," he takes it for granted and beyond any motive for doubt that not choosing can mean only preference for its opposite. 3. The denouncer must so identify himself to the witnesses that during the denunciation they regard him not as a private but as a publicly known person. He must not portray himself as acting according to his personal, unique experiences. He must rather be regarded as acting in his capacity as a public figure, drawing upon communally...
Bibliographic information
| Title | Community Justice: An Emerging Field Community Justice: An Emerging Field, David R. Karp Rights and Responsibilities, Communitarian Responses Rights and responsibilities |
| Editor | David R. Karp |
| Contributors | Gordon Bazemore, Susan F. Bennett, John Braithwaite, Barbara Boland |
| Edition | illustrated |
| Publisher | Rowman & Littlefield, 1998 |
| ISBN | 0847690849, 9780847690848 |
| Length | 388 pages |
| Subjects | › Social Science / Criminology |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |