Brute Science: Dilemmas of Animal ExperimentationQuestions about the scientific and moral status of biomedical experimentation are hotly debated in the media and in professional circles. The outcome of this debate will shape future public health policy. The authors expose the weaknesses in both the standard defense and standard criticisms of animal experimentation. This thorough investigation of one of today's most fiercely debated questions yields some unexpected conclusions. |
Contents
THE PRIMAFACIE CASES | 3 |
THE PROBLEMS OF RELEVANCE | 19 |
THE FOUNDER OF | 35 |
THE CURRENT PARADIGM | 54 |
SPECIES AND SPECIES | 72 |
THE WIDENING SYNTHESIS | 87 |
THE EMPIRICAL | 119 |
WEAK MODELS | 139 |
IT JUST | 160 |
BASIC RESEARCH | 193 |
the moral issues | 207 |
THE DEONTOLOGICAL | 227 |
CONCLUSION | 262 |
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Common terms and phrases
animal experimentation animal experiments animal models animal research animal tests argued arguments assume asymmetry basic research behavior benefits Bernard biochemical biological function biological systems biologists biomedical research biomedically significant cancer carcinogens causal analogical causal disanalogies causal mechanisms cause cell Chapter chemical chimpanzees claim Claude Bernard clinical complex systems creatures defenders of research defense of animal drugs effects evidence evolutionary biology evolutionary theory evolved examples explain extrapolate factors functional properties gene genetic human biomedical phenomena human disease humans and non-human hypotheses infer instance interactions Krogh principle laboratory animals mammals medicine metabolism methodologies mice moral worth morally relevant Moreover non-human animals nonlinear number of animals organism pain paradigm perimentation phylogenetic physiological polio practice of animal predict primates rats reactions reductionism rodent scientific scientists species differences speciesism speciesists structure studies sub-systems teratogenic teratology thalidomide theory of evolution tissue toxicity Toxicology transgenic animals understanding xenobiotics