...— The second law of thermodynamics may be stated in different ways. Clausius states it as follows: "It is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided...external agency, to convey heat from one body to another of higher temperature." Rankine states the second law as follows: "// the total actual heat of a homogeneous...

...306. About the middle of the nineteenth century Clausius and Kelvin established the general principle that it is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided by any external agency, to convey heat from a body at one temperature to another body at a higher temperature. Kelvin showed, by an argument which...

...although the second law has been cast in two or three forms that sound simple enough. Clausius puts it: "It is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided...from one body to another at a higher temperature." This is so paraphrased as to say that heat cannot of itself pass from a cold body to a hot body, and...

...warmer body without some compensating transformation taking place," or "It is impossible by means of a self-acting machine unaided by any external agency to convey heat from one body to another at higher temperature," or "No change in a system of bodies that can take place of itself can increase...

...satisfactory quantitative definition if we employ the observation that, in the words of Clausius, " it is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided...from one body to another at a higher temperature." By the employment of this principle and that of the conservation of energy, it has been demonstrated...

...imposed as a consequence of the following principle, which is known as the Second Law of Thermodynamics : It is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided...from one body to another at a higher temperature. The Second Law says, in effect, that heat will not pass up automatically from a colder to a hotter...

...thermodynamics may be stated in various ways. For the present it may be given as expressed by Clausius : It is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided by any external agency, to transfer heat from one body to another at a higher temperature. Or, more briefly, heat cannot by itself...

...Energy. (Second law of thermodynamics, second law of energy.) It is impossible for an automatic machine to convey heat from one body to another at a higher temperature if it be unaided by any external agent, ie heat will not flow spontaneously from a colder to a warmer...

...is an expression for the efficiency of a perfect elementary engine (Wood), and is stated as follows: It is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided by any external agency, to convert heat from one body to another at a higher temperature. (Clausius) . Ques. What is the practical...

...demonstrated the proposition. The following is the axiom on which Clausius' demonstration is founded : — // is impossible for a self-acting machine, unaided by...from one body to another at a higher temperature. It is easily shown, that, although this and the axiom I have used are different in form, either is...