The Great American WolfFor close to four hundred years, the wolf was this continent's most reviled animal. It became the object of a passionate, brutal hatred of the type humans usually reserve for members of their own kind. "Hundreds of thousands of wolves were trapped, poisoned, shot, or dynamited in their dens," Bruce Hampton writes. Many suffered deaths that carried the marks of revenge, such as being burned alive or scalped; others had their mouths wired shut or their eyes pierced with branding irons before being released to starve to death. Then, within the past quarter century, public and scientific opinion reversed itself, and the wolf became the emblem of wildness, tolerated and even desired in its former range. How this respect was won and the wolf's probable future are highlights of this vivid and comprehensive account, which serves as a vital contribution to our understanding of wildlife and wilderness management at the close of the millennium. |
Contents
THE LAST WOLVES | 1 |
EARLY ENCOUNTERS | 15 |
SPEAKING FOR WOLF | 30 |
RAVENING RANGERS | 62 |
SHARK OF THE PLAINS | 80 |
CIVILIZATIONS ENEMY | 102 |
KILLING FOR BLOOD LUST | 127 |
TURNING THE TIDE | 147 |
SYMBOL OF THE WEST | 194 |
HUNTING THE HUNTERS | 226 |
EPILOGUE | 251 |
SOURCE NOTES | 256 |
277 | |
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 297 |
299 | |
RETURN OF THE NATIVE | 175 |
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ADF&G agency Alaska Alaska Wildlife Alliance Anchorage Daily animals Attitudes Toward Wolves Audubon became began believed Biological Survey biologists buffalo Canada carcasses caribou Casper Star Tribune cattle Cheyenne claimed colonists conservationists coyotes deer dire wolf dogs early endangered species eradication federal Fish and Wildlife gov't gray wolf herds howling human Ibid Idaho Indians kill wolves land last wolves later Leopold live livestock Mexican Wolf million Minnesota Montana moose Murie National Park Native Americans North America Nowak number of wolves officials pack Park Service percent Plains poison predator control predators prey protection ranchers red wolf reintroduction reported scientists sheep stock owners survived trail trap trappers traveled U.S. Forest Service USFWS warriors Washington West western wild Wilderness Wildlife Service Williams wolf bounty wolf control wolf hunters wolf hunting wolf population wolf recovery wolf skin wolf's wolfers Wolves of North Wyoming Yellowstone National Park Young