Ecodegradation of Himalayas: Causes and Remedies

activities agriculture Alaknanda altitude animals average basin Bengal brown capacity carrying cattle causing climate common conservation construction cover crops cultivation cultural Darjeeling deficiency degradation density Department diseases district dolomite drainage ecological economic effect environment environmental erosion extensive factors fodder forest Forestry Fruits gardens Garhwal Geography grass grazing growth hill Himalayas human important improvement increase India industries Jammu Kashmir Ladakh lake land landslides loss lower material measures ment mining mountain natural needs occur pastures percent physical planning plant plantation population present problem production rainfall range region requirement Reserve result river road rocks sheep shows slide slope soil soil erosion species surface Table terraces tion tourist trees unit Upto valley varies various vegetation village watershed West zone