Commercial biotechnology : an international analysis.DIANE Publishing |
Common terms and phrases
agreements agriculture amino acids animal antibodies antitrust applications of biotechnology applied research areas bacteria basic research biological biomass bioprocess engineering biotech biotechnology cells Chapter cloning commodity chemicals competitive contract Corp costs countries culture development of biotechnology diagnostic disease drugs enzymes established companies export Federal Republic foreign France funding Genentech genes genetic manipulation guidelines Health hybridoma Hybritech important industry Institute interferon investment Japan Japanese companies joint ventures laboratory licensing MAbs manufacture ment micro-organisms microbial million molecular Monoclinal monoclinal antibodies National NBFs nitrogen fixation nology Office of Technology organisms patent percent personnel pharmaceutical plant potential protection protein rDNA rDNA research rDNA technology Recombinant DNA regulation Republic of Germany Science sector semiconductor specialty chemicals specific Switzerland tech Technology Assessment tion trade secret U.S. Congress U.S. Department U.S. Government United Kingdom University university/industry vaccines venture capital
Popular passages
Page 384 - A trade secret may consist of any formula, pattern, device, or compilation of information which is used in one's business, and which gives him an opportunity to obtain an advantage over competitors who do not know or use it.
Page 3 - Biotechnology, broadly defined, includes any technique that uses living organisms (or parts of organisms) to make or modify products, to improve plants or animals, or to develop micro-organisms for specific uses.
Page 441 - The following shall be prohibited as incompatible with the common market: all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between Member States and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market...
Page 565 - The state of the art shall be held to comprise everything made available to the public by means of a written or oral description, by use, or in any other way, before the date of filing of the European patent application.
Page 435 - The Sherman Act was designed to be a comprehensive charter of economic liberty aimed at preserving free and unfettered competition as the rule of trade. It rests on the premise that the unrestrained interaction of competitive forces will yield the best allocation of our economic resources, the lowest prices, the highest quality and the greatest material progress, while at the same time providing...
Page 438 - That no corporation engaged in commerce shall acquire, directly or indirectly, the whole or any part of the stock or other share capital of another corporation engaged also in commerce, where the effect of such acquisition may be to substantially lessen competition between the corporation whose stock is so acquired and the corporation making the acquisition, or to restrain such commerce in any section or community, or tend to create a monopoly of any line of commerce.
Page 589 - Biotechnology: any technique that uses living organisms or substances from those organisms to make or modify a product, to improve plants or animals, or to develop micro-organisms for specific uses.
Page 372 - ... may present an unreasonable risk of injury to health or the environment, or (II) such substance is or will be produced in substantial quantities, and such substance either enters or may reasonably be anticipated to enter the environment in substantial quantities or there is or may be significant or substantial human exposure to the substance...
Page 594 - By granting to the inventor the right to exclude all others from making, using or selling the invention...