A history of christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450-1990:

a documentary sourcebook

Klaus Koschorke, Frieder Ludwig, Mariano Delgado, Roland Spliesgart

Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2007 - Religion - 426 pages

in cooperation with Roland Spliesgart

The map of world Christianity has changed dramatically in just the last century. Today the majority of Christians live in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, making Christianity a world religion as never before in history.

Given that global reality, Klaus Koschorke, Frieder Ludwig, and Mariano Delgado have created the first comparative documentary history of Christianity for these regions covering the period 1450?1990. Taking the changing ecumenical conditions into account, this volume enlarges the horizon of classical church historiography. In contrast to the prevailing Western perspectives on the history of Christianity in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, voice is given here to the multitude of local initiatives, specific experiences, and varieties of Christianity in very diverse cultural contexts ? addressing such questions as the colonial conquest, slavery, and the demand for ecclesiastical independence.

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Selected pages

Title Page

Index

References

I ASIA 14501600	3

2 Nestorians and Armenian Christians in Southern Asia 1508	4

3 Jews and Christians in China	6

B Early Portuguese Contacts	7

5 Fictitious and Actual Contacts with the St Thomas Christians	8

a Visiting a Church in Calicut 1498	9

b Failure with the Samorin in Calicut 1498	10

6 The Arrival of the Portuguese from an Arab Perspective	11

d Colonization and Mission in German East Africa 1886	210

f Bruno Gutmann on the Lutheran Mission 1909	211

168 Rebellion and Pacification Efforts	212

The Christian Companies of the Basel Mission	213

169 African Christians and Adaptation of European Ideas	214

Pastor Robert Kwamis Luther Play 1900	215

B Concepts of Ecclesiastical Independence	216

Christian Revival in Africa	217

7 St Thomas Christians on the Arrival of the Portuguese 1504	12

C The Organization of Colonial Churches	13

b The Exercise of Patronage in the Philippines 1580	14

a The Raising of Goa to the Seat of the Bishopric 1534	15

d The Introduction of the Inquisition in Goa 1543	16

D Francis Xavier in Asia 15421552	17

The Sultanate of Ternate	18

12 Japan	19

13 Plans for China	20

E Intercultural Contacts	21

b Filipino Religion as The Work of the Devil	22

Religious Debates between Jesuits and Buddhists 1551	23

F Forms of Local Christianity	24

The Martyrs of Mannar 1544	26

G St Thomas Christians and the Portuguese before 1599	27

20 Forced Integration at the Synod of Diamper 1599	28

II ASIA 16001800	30

22 Jesuits at the Court of Mogul Emperor Akbar I	31

a Edict on the Closure of the Land June 1636	32

B Accommodation Strategies and the Rites Controversy	33

a Letter from November 13 1584	34

c The True Meaning of the Doctrine of the Lord of Heaven 1603	35

d A Chinese Voice on Ricci	36

Instruction of the Propaganda of 1659	38

Emperor Kang Hsis Edict of Tolerance 1692	39

C Colonial Forms of Protestantism	41

30 The English in Bombay 1698	42

31 Life in Dutch VOC Churches	43

D Indigenous Forms of Christianity	45

33 Autonomously Founded Communities in Korea since 1784	46

Extracts from the Essentials of the Lords Teaching by Chong Yakjong Augustine ca 1796	47

c The First Martyrs 1791	48

E Tranquebar 1706 and Its Consequences	49

35 Religious Dialogue with Hindu Brahmans	50

36 Conflicts with the Colonial Authorities	51

b Slave Trade as One of the Controversial Issues	52

38 Ordination of the First Indian Pastor Aaron 1733	54

III ASIA 18001890	55

41 Debates about the Admission of Missionaries to British India 1813	56

a Protests against the Socalled Missions Clauses	57

A New Beginning in Serampore 1800	58

44 Bible Translations and Book Printing 1811	59

45 The Founding of Serampore College 1818	60

46 Ecumenical Visions	61

C Mission as a Means of Modernization	62

49 Struggle Against the Social Evils of Hinduism	63

A Missionary at the Royal Court in Mandalay 1868	64

D Public Response NonChristian Voices	65

b An Appeal to the Christian Public 1823	66

52 Religious Debates in Colonial Ceylon 1873	67

Buddhist Voices on Christianity	68

A Forced Opening	69

Forced Missionary Protectorate from 1842	70

b The Bejing Convention of 1860	71

a The Trial of a Foreigner	72

b Forced Opening 1853ff	73

d Repeal of the AntiChristian Edict 1878	74

Edict against the Christians 1851	75

Protestant Beginnings since 1884	76

b The First American Missionaries	77

F Indigenous Versions of Christianity	78

b From Their Scripture The Beginning of Heaven and Earth	79

Migrants as Multipliers 1854	80

The Taiping Rebellion 18501864	81

b The Ten Commandments and the Lords Prayer among the Taiping	82

c Taiping as a Popular Movement	83

d Taiping China and the Christian Nations	84

IV ASIA 18901945	85

b The Goals of the Indian National Congress 1885	86

64 The Rise of Buddhism in Ceylon Sri Lanka	87

b The Situation around 1900	88

B Attempts at Indigenization in the Protestant Churches	89

a Indian Christians and the Vision of an Indian Church 1908	90

c Characteristics of a Native Church in China 1924	91

68 Christian Ashrams 1921	92

C Local Ecumenical Initiatives and Edinburgh 1910	93

70 The World Missionary Conference in Edinburgh 1910 as a Catalyst	94

b Message from the Conference on World Christianity	95

72 Local Forms of Cooperation	97

74 Indigenous Bishops in China	99

75 The Abolition of the AntiRites Oath 1939	100

Petition for an Independent Native Church 1878	101

The National Church of India Madras 1886	102

c National Church and Mission Churches	103

Kanzo Uchimuras NonChurch 1901	104

Aglipays Iglesia Filipina Independiente 18981902	105

F Developments in the 1920s and 1930s	106

b Massacre in a Village Church	107

The AntiChristian Movement 19221925	108

Gandhi on Christianity	109

b Western Christianity and the Sermon on the Mount 1921	110

b Tambaram and the Young Churches	111

G The Asian Churches during World War II	112

85 Persecution of Christians in Territories Occupied by Japan	113

V ASIA 19451990	114

a The South India Church Merger in 1947	115

c Restriction of Missionary Activities	116

a From the Declaration of Independence 1945	117

Japanese Christians Confession of Responsibility 1946	118

B Under Communist Rule	119

c Expulsion of Foreign Missionaries	120

e Consecration of Bishops without Romes Consent	121

Kim Il Sung on the Sermon on the Mount	122

C Developments in the 1960s	123

Buddhist Nationalism and the Churches	124

a Cultural Revolution as a Permanent Process	125

Explosive Church Growth	126

The Coup of 1965 and Its Consequences	127

99 The Christian Conference of Asia 1973	128

100 The Concept of Contextualization 1972	129

102 Theology of Liberation and Asian Religiosity	131

D Trends at the End of the 1980s	132

104 The Rosary Revolution in the Philippines	133

b The Ecclesiastical Broadcasting Station Veritas February 1986	134

106 Warning of Exaggerated Contextualization 1982	135

107 A New Urgency for Interreligious Dialogue 1986	136

AFRICA	137

I AFRICA 14501600	139

a The Conversion of the Queen of Sheba	140

EthiopianEgyptian Contacts 1540	141

Traces of Nubian Christianity	142

B European Expansion and New Discoveries	143

113 The Papal Privileges of Portugal	144

114 Mission and Violence	145

116 Destruction of Eastern African City States 1505	146

C Encounters	147

118 An African Ambassador from Benin in Portugal	148

b Local African Recollections	149

D African Catholicism in the Congo	150

121 The Manikongo Complains about Unfit Priests 1514	151

122 Complaints about the Slave Trade 1526	153

E Ethiopia and Portugal	154

124 The War against the Muslims in the Kings Chronicle	155

125 The Confessio Fidei of Emperor Galawdewos 1555	157

126 Lent and Easter in the Ethiopian Church	159

II AFRICA 16001800	160

Trade in Africa	161

129 A Protestant on the Portuguese Slave Trade	162

130 Account of the Slave Trade by an African Priest	163

131 Mission to Slaves in South Africa 1658	164

B Catholic Rulers	165

Complaints about Shortage of Priests 1692	166

Baptism of King Manamotapa 1652	167

C Catholic Experiments and Failures	168

Report of a Jesuit 1723	169

Traditions Difficult to Overcome	170

139 Execution of Three Capuchins in Ethiopia 1684	171

Lutheran Mission Initiatives 1673	172

141 An African Pastor Concerning India as Model	173

142 The Moravians in South and West Africa	174

b Moravian Baptisms Rejected 1743	176

The Beginnings in West Africa 1737	177

Letter of Application 1735	178

D Protests against the Slave Trade	179

Speech at the Parliament 1789	180

146 Olaudah Equiano on His Enslavement 1789	181

147 Opposition to the Anti Slavery Movement	182

III AFRICA 18001890	184

149 The Tasks of the Church Missionary Society	185

Samuel Ajayi Crowther 1837	186

151 AfroAmerican Missionaries for Liberia 1833	188

a Commerce Civilization Christianity	189

154 Negotiations of the Basel Mission in Ghana 1835	190

Openings in Swaziland 1860	191

156 Casalis and Chief Moshesh in Lesotho 1833	192

Cardinal Lavigerie ca 1877	193

C Livingstone and Other Explorers	194

An Open Door for Missions	195

A German in Muslim West Africa	196

Conversion of Sechele	197

D Mission Initiatives and African Rulers	198

b Missions Prohibited by Queen Ranavalona I 1835	199

c Resolution on Missionary Supervision	200

164 Buganda Uganda	201

c Invitation to All European Nations 1890	202

British and Protestant	203

e Triumph Song of the Ugandan Protestants	204

Africas Potential 1868	206

166 South African Voices	207

IV AFRICA 18901945	208

Englands Destiny as a Christian Nation 1886	209

Inaugural Sermon in the African Church 1902	218

171 Ethiopianism in South Africa	219

b Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God	220

172 Prophetic Movements in Southern Africa	221

b Early Accounts of Visions and Miracles	222

Garrick Braide in Nigeria	223

b Liberation from Evil Spirits	224

d James Johnson Elijah II	225

Orthodox and Independent	226

An Article in Pantainos 1947	227

C Developments within the Roman Catholic Church	228

a A Missionary Chronicle about Hutus and Tutsis 1905	229

The First Ordination of an African 1931	230

New Orientation in Education 1928	231

D Themes of the 1920s and 1930s	232

c J E K Aggrey Called to Achimota Ghana	233

United we stand divided we fall 1920	234

183 Italian Occupation of Ethiopia and Nigerian Critique	235

Christianity and Social Renewal	236

African Experiences in India	237

E National Movements and Christianity	238

Criticism of Missionary Work	239

Religious Tolerance	240

Protest 1924	241

Christianity and Individualism 1938	242

193 Julius Nyerere and the Maryknoll Fathers	243

V AFRICA 19451990	244

195 PanAfrican Congress Manchester 1945	245

197 All Africa Conference of Churches 1963	246

198 Unity and Freedom in the New Tanganyika	247

199 Protestant Missions and Rebellion in Angola 1969	248

B African Churches and Nation Building	249

Conciencism 1964	250

Verandah Boys Creed	251

204 Julius Nyerere on the Church in Africa 1970	252

Inevitable Change 1977	254

C African Theology	255

The Biblical Basis for African Theology	257

Black Consciousness 1973	258

Black Theology 1973	259

211 Kimbangus New Jerusalem 1951	260

D Church and Apartheid in South Africa	261

Internationalism Is Not Christian	262

Cottesloe Consultation Statement 1961	263

b Exclusion of the World Alliance of Reformed Churches 1982	264

c Response of the Dutch Reformed Church	265

e Rustenburg Declaration	266

E Conflicts and New Beginnings	267

Demands to Restrict Sharia 1978	268

Dialogue Efforts since 1987	269

216 Churches and Civil Society	270

a All Africa Conference of Churches Proceedings 1991	271

Anglican Archbishop Gitaris Account 19871997	272

d President Chiluba Declares Zambia a Christian Nation 1991	273

217 Independent Churches and Democratization	274

LATIN AMERICA	275

I LATIN AMERICA 14501600	277

On the Religion of the Tainos 1498	278

Moctezuma in Anticipation of Cort�s 1519	279

Lament after the Conquest about 1523	280

Conquest and Evangelization 1590	281

B Legitimation and Criticism of the Conquest	282

Bull Inter caetera May 4 1493	283

The Encomienda December 20 1503	285

224 The Advent Sermon of Antonio Montesinos 1511	286

225 The Requerimiento and Criticism of It	287

a The Requerimiento 1513	288

Criticism of the Requerimiento ca 1526	289

226 Pope Paul III on the Human Dignity of the Indians 1537	290

227 Two Controversial Interpretations of the Compelle intrare	291

a Juan Gin�s de Sep�lveda 1544	292

C Establishment of Colonial Church Structures	293

229 Exercise of Patronage by Philip II 1574	295

Evangelization of the Inca Empire End of the Sixteenth Century	297

Agreement on Peaceful Missionization 1537	298

Catholic and Calvinistic Activities	299

On the Land and People of Brazil 1549	300

234 Language and Missionary Work	302

The Indians Should Be Taught in Their Own Language 1583	303

Rehabilitation of the Aztec Culture 1577	306

F Failed Approaches to Indian Christianity	308

Life Story of a New Convert ca 1563	309

Debates about a College for Indians ca 1570	310

No Indian Priests 1596	311

II LATIN AMERICA 16001800	313

b Hospitals	314

The Cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe 1649	315

A Debate on the Erudition of Women 169091	317

The Answer to Sor Filotea 1691	318

244 Missionary Work in the Baroque Period	319

B Indian and Mestizo Voices	321

The Incas Looked for the True God 1609	322

Christianity as the Origin of All Evil Seventeenth Century	323

248 Indian Brotherhood of the Virgin of Copacabana 1613	325

249 Chronicle of the Indian F Guam�n Poma de Ayala ca 1615	326

a The Conquest	327

c Ordinary Christian Indians	328

C The Reductions Settlements of the Jesuits and Their Purpose	329

What Are the Reductions of the Jesuits? 1630	330

Everyday Life in the Reductions 1697	331

Sunday in the Reductions 1771	332

253 Franciscans in California 1787	334

D Slavery	335

b On the Black Slaves Capacity for Faith	336

Negro Slaves in the French Antilles ca 1700	337

E Colonial Protestantism	338

258 The Moravian Mission in the Caribbean 1739	339

F Heralds of Independence	340

Uprising of T�pac Amaru II 17801781	341

a Indians Mestizos and Creoles against the Europeans 1780	342

Letter to the Spaniards in America 1792	344

III LATIN AMERICA 18001890	346

Priest in the Fight for Independence	347

a On the Hidalgo Manifestos to the Americans 1810	348

Sim�n Bol�var and the Religion 1815	349

Political Catechism 1814	350

On the Rights of the Indian 1825	351

B Rome and the New Countries	352

269 A Report on the State of the Church 1825	353

Concordat of September 26 1862	354

271 Surrounding Vatican I 18691870	356

C Popular Religion and the State of the Church and the Missions	357

On the Decadence of the Clergy in Quito 1805	358

Report on a Former Reduction 1825	359

Catholicism and the Religion of AfricanAmericans ca 1880	360

D Protestantism	361

b Legal Status of Protestants 1824	362

278 Private Initiatives for the Distribution of Bibles 1826	363

AngloSaxon Missionary Protestantism 1862	364

Native American Moravian Indian Communities 1849	365

Civil Status of Protestants 1843	366

IV LATIN AMERICA 18901945	367

c Missions among the Indians	368

a Development of Parish of Catholic Immigrants 1893	369

Problems with Popular Piety	370

B Confessional Pluralization	371

Beginnings of an InterProtestant Network	373

Umbanda 1939	374

German Immigrants and the Third Reich 1934	375

C Faces of Latin American Catholicism	376

a The Beginnings of Conselheiro during the Monarchy 1877	377

The Cristiada 19261929	378

b On the Causes of the Peoples Uprising of 19261929	379

Conflict between the Supporters of the Indigenous and the Supporters of the Hispanics	380

Reply to J C Mari�tegui 1931	381

Black African Popular Piety 1941	382

D The Emergence of the Social Question	383

On the Social Condition and the Church in Latin America 1947	384

V LATIN AMERICA 19451990	386

297 The Formation of CELAM in 1955	387

Church and Revolution 1960	388

Catholics on the Side of the Military Dictatorship 1964	389

B The Second Vatican Council and Its Reception	390

302 Revolution and Violence	391

a The Way of Camilo Torres 1965	392

b From the Encyclical Populorum progressio 1967	393

303 Second General Conference of the Episcopate in Medell�n 1968	394

b Liberating Education as an Answer to Our Needs	395

c Option for the Poor	396

304 Characteristics of Liberation Theology	397

Not Development but Social Revolution	398

d Bible Interpretation of the Base Community of Solentiname 1973	399

The Political Dimension of the Faith	400

305 Third General Conference of the Episcopate in Puebla 1979	401

b Affirmation of the Preferential Option for the Poor	402

C The Conflict on the Theology of Liberation	403

Cuba as a Reference Model	405

309 From the Encyclical Sollicitudo rei socialis 1987	407

D Developments of Protestantism	408

A Protestant Liberation Theologian	409

312 NeoPentecostal Movements since 1980	410

Vida Abundante 1989	411

E Awakening and Multiplicity	412

314 Recognition of Religious Pluralism 1985	413

316 Debates Surrounding the 500Year Celebration	414

a A Letter to Third World Theologians June 6 1986	415

c Message of John Paul II October 13 1992	416

317 Ecumenism and Liberation 1989	417

Acknowledgments	419

Index	423

Copyright

Common terms and phrases

African Christianity Anglican Apostles Asia Asian baptized Benin Bishop Black Brazil British Buddhist C. R. Boxer called Casas Catholicism century Ceylon China Chinese Christianity in India City Coast colonial Conference congregation Council Creoles cultural Delgado doctrine document Dussel Dutch ecumenical English Ethiopia European evangelization faith Father Franciscans Further Reading German Geschichte Ghana God�s Gospel heaven H�lder C�mara History of Christianity Holy human idem independence Indian Christians indigenous Islam Japan Jesuit Jesus Christ King kingdom Korea land language Lateinamerika Latin America Liberation Theology live London Lord Lord�s Maryknoll Matteo Ricci Mexico Mexico City Mission missionary movement Muslims native papal bull pastors peace People�s political Pope Portuguese prayer preach priests Protestant Protestantism religion religious Reprinted by permission Revolution Rome sent Slave Trade social Society Source South Africa Spaniards Spanish spirit Sunquist teach things Thomas Christians tion Umbanda West Africa worship

References from web pages

ahr The American Historical Review 0002-8762 The University of ...
A History of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450�1990: A Documentary Sourcebook . Assisted by Roland Spliesgart. Grand Rapids, Mich. ...
www.journals.uchicago.edu/ doi/ xml/ 10.1086/ ahr.113.1.300

【楽天市場】A History of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin ...
A History of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450-1990: A ... A History of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450-1990: A ...
item.rakuten.co.jp/ book/ 4761043/

Seminar f�r mittlere und neue Kirchengeschichte
Klaus Koschorke / Frieder Ludwig / Mariano Delgado (Eds.), A History of Christianity in Asia, Africa and latin America, 1450-1990. A Documentary Sourcebook ...
www.unifr.ch/ skg/ pbuch.htm

Bibliographic information

QR code for A history of christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450-1990

Title	A history of christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450-1990: a documentary sourcebook
Editors	Klaus Koschorke, Frieder Ludwig, Mariano Delgado, Roland Spliesgart
Contributors	Frieder Ludwig, Roland Spliesgart
Publisher	Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2007
ISBN	0802828892, 9780802828897
Length	426 pages
Subjects	Religion › Christianity › History Religion / Christianity / General Religion / Christianity / History Religion / Ecumenism

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