Patricians of the Benaadir: Islamic Learning, Commerce and Somali Urban Identity in the Nineteenth Century

Abgaal Abu Bakr Abukar Hamud Sokorow agricultural Ahmadiyya Aidrus al-Barawi al-Din al-Qadri Sh alim Arab Ashraf Barawe Bardheere Benaadir Benaadir coast Biimaal Bughyat Buur Haqaba Cassanelli Chapter Chiesi clan coastal merchants commercial cultural Dheere East Africa economic elite export Ferrandi garrison Geledi Gobroon Guillain hagiographies Hajj Hajji Hasan Hawiye hinterland Ibn Battuta identity important Indian inland interior Interview Islamic Italian jama'a Jawhar al-Nafis Jubba Jubba river late nineteenth Lettre dal Benadir Lugh Luuq maintained Majeerteen managib Marka mercantile Mombasa Muhammad Muhammed Muqdisho Muslim nineteenth century nomads noted Nurein Ahmad Sabr oral traditions pastoral pastoralists political Qadiri Qadiriyya Qassim reer Shaykh Mumin region religious Robecchi-Brichetti rural saints Sayyid scholars Sharif Shaykh Uways Shebeelle sheikh slaves social Somali Somali Society Somalia e Benadir spiritual stories sufi Sultan Swahili tariqa town townsmen trade Tunni turug turuq twentieth century ulama Umar urban society urbanites Xamarweyn Zanzibar Zayla'i Zeila