Sustainable Transport Pricing and Charges: Principles and Issues |
Contents
Transport and Sustainable Development | 1 |
Pricing and Charges for Transport Services | 28 |
Pricing and Charges for Road and Urban Transport | 69 |
Common terms and phrases
air pollution airlines allocation assets basis benefits bridge capacity capital costs cargo Charges for Promoting competition consumption cost centre determine differentiation economic efficiency emissions ensure environment excess demand external costs facilities fare structures fixed costs freight fuel improvements incentive income distribution increase indivisibilities infrastructure costs investment long-run marginal cost maintenance marginal cost pricing marginal social cost maximize MC₁ modes monopoly natural monopoly noise objectives off-peak opportunity cost optimal pricing output passenger peak peak-load perfect competition period port pricing price discrimination Pricing and Charges pricing objectives private sector participation problem profit Promoting Sustainable Development public transport rail rates reduce regulation revenue road infrastructure road pricing road users route ship short-run marginal cost subsidies sustainable transport tariff taxes traffic transport industry transport infrastructure transport pricing policies transport sector transport services Two-part tariff urban transport vehicle welfare yield management