Counterculture Green: The Whole Earth Catalog and American EnvironmentalismFor those who eagerly awaited its periodic appearance, it was more than a publication: it was a way of life. The Whole Earth Catalog billed itself as "Access to Tools," and it grew from a Bay Area blip to a national phenomenon catering to hippies, do-it-yourselfers, and anyone interested in self-sufficiency independent of mainstream America. In recovering the history of the Catalog's unique brand of environmentalism, Andrew Kirk recounts how San Francisco's Stewart Brand and his counterculture cohorts in the Point Foundation promoted a philosophy of pragmatic environmentalism that celebrated technological achievement, human ingenuity, and sustainable living. By piecing together the social, cultural, material, environmental, and technological history of that philosophy's incarnation in the Catalog, Kirk reveals the driving forces behind it, tells the story of the appropriate technology movement it espoused, and assesses its fate. This book takes a fresh look at the many individuals and organizations who worked in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s to construct this philosophy of pragmatic environmentalism. At a time when many of these ideas were seen as heretical to a predominantly wilderness-based movement, Whole Earth became a critical forum for environmental alternatives and a model for how complicated ecological ideas could be presented in a hopeful and even humorous way. It also enabled later environmental advocates like Al Gore to explain our current "inconvenient truth," and the actions of Brand's Point Foundation demonstrated that the epistemology of Whole Earth could be put into action in meaningful ways that might foster an environmental optimism distinctly different from the jeremiads that became the stock in trade of American environmentalism. Kirk shows us that Whole Earth was more than a mere counterculture fad. In an era of political protest, it suggested that staying home and modifying your toilet or installing a solar collector could make a more significant contribution than taking to the streets to shout down establishment misdeeds. Given its visible legacy in the current views of Al Gore and others, the subtle environmental heresies of Whole Earth continue to resonate today, which makes Kirk's lucid and lively tale an extremely timely one as well. |
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Alloy alternative technology American West Amory Lovins appropriate technology architecture argued Auroville Baldwin Barlow Bay Area became board members Bolinas Buckminster Fuller California Chouinard CoEvolution Quarterly conservation counterculture create critical design science Dick Raymond Drop City early ecological design efforts energy environment environmental movement environmentalists Frontier funding future Games geodesic dome green hippies Huey Johnson Ibid ideas innovative insights issues Kahn land Last Whole Earth libertarian living Lovins Michael Phillips move nature organizations outdoor recreation outlaw Peter Warshall philosophy phone interview Point board Point Foundation Portola Institute readers revolution ronmental Roszak San Francisco shelter Sierra Club significant social Soft-Tech solar space colonies Stanford Steve Baer Stewart Brand sustainable thinking thoughtful tion Todd traditional trends ture University Press urban utopian WECR western Whole Earth Catalog Whole Earth Review wilderness wrote York