Red Gold of Africa: Copper in Precolonial History and CultureThe classic history of copper working and use throughout Africa A finalist for the 1985 Herskovits Prize First Paperback Edition |
Contents
Prologue The Age of Metals | 3 |
Sources of copper in Africa precolonial period | 14 |
Ancient Workings in subSaharan Africa | 15 |
Copper deposits in Southern Africa | 22 |
Ritual Social | 29 |
Mining and Smelting | 49 |
Smithing Drawing Casting and Alloying | 76 |
The Copper Trade before | 103 |
Copper as a Medium of Exchange | 185 |
Mbochi currencies | 199 |
Copper as a Medium of Art | 208 |
Copper as a Medium of Power | 240 |
Copper and the Language of Materials | 277 |
Conclusion Red Gold | 296 |
ABBREVIATIONS | 307 |
NOTES | 309 |
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Common terms and phrases
According Akan ancient Arts associated basins beads bells Benin bracelets bronze carried casting Central century chief claims Coast communication Congo contain continued copper and brass cuivre culture currency Darfur dated decorated demand deposits describes Description earlier early East economic entire European evidence example exports fact figures finds furnace gold groups hand History imported ingots Iron Age Katanga Kazembe king land late later lead London Lower manillas material metal Metallurgy miners mines native Niari Niger Nigeria nineteenth century northern Notes objects observed ornaments Paris period Portuguese pounds probably produced quantities reached recent referred region rings ritual River rods royal seems slave smelting smiths societies sources South Southern suggest supply symbols tion tons trade tradition Transvaal Travels vols West Africa wire women York Zimbabwe