The 1980 Eruptions of Mount St. Helens, WashingtonPeter W. Lipman, Donal Ray Mullineaux This report presents early results of wide-ranging studies of the volcanic activity and eruptive products at Mount St. Helens in 1980 by the United States Geological Survey. It includes contributions by other participating government, university, and industry scientists. Proceeds from the sale of the book support the David A. Johnston scholarship fund at the University of Washington. |
Contents
The eruptive history of Mount St Helens D R Mullineaux and D R Crandell | 3 |
Chronology of the 1980 eruptive activity | 17 |
Oblique aerial photography MarchOctober 1980 | 31 |
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Common terms and phrases
18 eruption 1980 ERUPTIONS activity air-fall deposits Ape Cave ash cloud ash fall August basal blast deposit bulge changes clasts CO₂ composition concentration Cowlitz River Crandell crater Creek crystals dacite debris avalanche decrease density directed blast distance downwind earthquakes emission emplacement erup eruption column eruption of Mount explosive Figure Fork Toutle River fragments fumaroles Glacier Goat Rocks H₂ harmonic tremor Hoblitt indicate July 22 June 12 KILOMETERS km³ lahar lapilli lava dome layer A3 leachate lithic lobe locations magma magnitude material measured Mount St MOUNT ST HELENS mudflow Mullineaux north flank North Fork Toutle observed occurred particles percent photographs plume pumice pyroclastic flows pyroclastic-flow deposits radar samples seismic showing slope South Fork Spirit Lake ST HELENS station summit surface surge temperature tephra thermal thickness tion trees U.S. Geological Survey unit USGS velocity vent vertical volcano volume Waitt Washington zone