Women, State, and Ideology: Studies from Africa and AsiaHaleh Afshar Women, State, and Ideology examines the underlying ideologies that make female subordination a universal experience. It analyzes government policies directed at women in African and Asian countries. It argues, too, that ideologies which oppress women are removed only by prolonged struggle--and then only after fundamental political and social changes have been made. The authors evaluate different policies aimed at women in Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Iran, Malaysia, China, India, Israel, and Vietnam. Despite different political, social, and economic conditions, there exists a general assumption that women should be responsible for domestic duties. Drawing on new research, the authors indicate that these different national contexts require separate emphases and tactics. One common factor is clear, however--that despite many setbacks, a growing consciousness exists among women, as well as increased opposition to oppressive measures. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
WOMEN AND THE STATE | 11 |
Women and the State in Nigeria the Case of the Federal Military Government 19845 | 13 |
Women in Zimbabwe Stated Policy and State Action | 28 |
The State and the Regulation of Marriage Sefwi Wiawso Ghana 190040 | 48 |
Women Marriage and the State in Iran | 70 |
STATE AND POPULATION POLICIES | 87 |
Family and State in Malaysian Industrialisation the Case of Rembau Negeri Sembilan Malaysia | 89 |
Some State Responses to Male and Female Need in British India1 | 130 |
Contaminating States Midwifery Childbearing and the State in Rural North India | 152 |
IDEOLOGIES WOMEN AND THE LABOUR MARKET | 171 |
Women and Handicraft Production in North India | 173 |
Front and Rear the Sexual Division of Labour in the Israeli Army | 186 |
Controlling Womens Access to Political Power a Case Study in Andhra Pradesh India | 205 |
Continuity and Change in Womens Position in Rural Vietnam | 226 |
235 | |
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African Andhra Pradesh areas army Bengal birth Bombay bye-law campaign Carolyne Dennis cent changes China cocoa colonial Congress contraceptive Development division of labour divorce domestic economic employment example family economy family planning famine farms female gender Ghana Government Haleh Afshar handicrafts Harare household husband ideology important industrialisation Iranian Islamic Israel Israeli labour market large numbers legislation London Madras Malay Malaysia male none fem marriage married maternal matrilineal ment migrants military mortality Muslim Negeri Sembilan Nigerian nomination North India office-holders one-child organisation parents participation political careers politicians polygamy population position production programme prostitutes Qoran relations relative Rembau Report role rural sector Sefwi Sefwi Wiawso sexual division single-child social society sterilisation Stivens Studies tion trade traditional urban Vietnam wage wage labour Wiawso wife wives woman women MLAs workers Yishuv young Zahal Zaneh Rouz Zimbabwe