Forgiveness: A Philosophical Exploration

Acknowledgments p. ix Prologue p. xiii 1 Forgiveness Ancient and Modern p. 1 i Pardon, Excuse, and Forgiveness in Ancient Philosophy: The Standpoint of Perfection p. 2 ii Bishop Butler's Seminal Analysis p. 19 ii.a Resentment p. 22 ii.b Forgiveness p. 31 2 Forgiveness at Its Best p. 38 i Forgiveness, Revenge, and Resentment p. 38 ii Resentment and Self-Respect p. 43 iii To Be Forgiven: Changing Your Ways, Contrition, and Regret p. 47 iv Forgiving: A Change of Heart, and Seeing the Offender and Oneself in a New Light p. 53 v The Conditions of Forgiveness: Objections and Replies p. 59 v.a Atonement and the Payment or Dismissal of a Debt p. 60 v.b Forgiveness as a Gift and Unconditional Forgiveness p. 62 v.c Praiseworthy Conditional Forgiveness p. 69 vi Moral Monsters, Shared Humanity, and Sympathy p. 72 vi.a Moral Monsters p. 73 vi.b Shared Humanity and Fallibility, Compassion, and Pity p. 77 vi.c Sympathy p. 83 vii The Unforgivable and the Unforgiven p. 90 viii Forgiveness, Narrative, and Ideals p. 98 ix Forgiveness, Reconciliation, and Friendship p. 110 3 Imperfect Forgiveness p. 113 i Ideal and Non-ideal Forgiveness: An Inclusive or Exclusive Relation? p. 113 ii Third-Party Forgiveness p. 117 iii Unilateral Forgiveness: The Dead and the Unrepentant p. 120 iii.a Forgiving the Dead p. 120 iii.b Forgiving the Unrepentant p. 121 iv Self-Forgiveness p. 122 iv.a For Injuries to Others p. 123 iv.b For Injuries to Oneself p. 125 iv.c For Injuries One Could Not Help Inflicting p. 128 v Forgiveness and Moral Luck p. 130 4 Political Apology, Forgiveness, and Reconciliation p. 134 i Apology and Forgiveness Writ Large: Questions and Distinctions p. 135 ii Political Apology among the One and Many p. 146 ii.a Many to Many Apology: Test Cases p. 147 The University of Alabama and the Legacy of Slavery p. 147 Apology, Reparations, and the Wartime Internment of Japanese-Americans p. 152 Desmond Tutu and South African Churches p. 157 King Hussein in Israel p. 159 The United States Senate and the Victims of Lynching p. 161 ii.b One to Many Apology: Two Failures p. 163 Robert McNamara's War and Mea Culpa p. 163 Richard Nixon's Resignation and Pardon p. 165 iii Traditional Rituals of Reconciliation: Apology, Forgiveness, or Pardon? p. 167 iv Apology and the Unforgivable p. 172 v Apology, Forgiveness, and Civic Reconciliation p. 174 vi A Culture of Apology and of Forgiveness: Risks and Abuses p. 180 vii Political Apology, Narrative, and Ideals p. 183 5 Truth, Memory, and Civic Reconciliation without Apology p. 195 i The Vietnam Veterans Memorial: An Interpretation p. 201 ii Reconciliation without Apology? p. 206 Epilogue p. 211 Bibliography p. 215 Index p. 233.